Free Essays on The Patients Right

A patient comes into the medical clinic to see his outcomes from an AIDS test: his outcomes are certain. The patient apprehensively admits to the specialist that he?s been undermining his significant other. His better half and the specialist are companions, they?ve been companions all through school, however later floated separated. Nonetheless, they despite everything keep up a decent kinship, once in a while get together call each other for guidance, or essentially to share their issues since they?ve been companions for such a long time. The specialist never really met her friend?s spouse in person however in the wake of seeing his document she sees his last name and telephone number are equivalent to her dear friend?s. The specialist at that point advises the customer regarding her fellowship with his significant other. Would it be a good idea for her to tell the spouse since he could pass this serious infection to her? Or on the other hand would it be a good idea for all her this data secret in light of her obligation as a specialist? This circumstance makes a moral predicament in light of the fact that regardless of what choice the specialist takes it will contradict a conviction. In this situation the patient is the customer looking for the administration of a specialist. In this manner, the specialist must go in a direction dependent on shared understanding that won't disregard their relationship. As an expert, her essential obligation is to serve the customer, which in this situation is the patient with AIDS. So as to all the more likely serve the customer she will convince and persuade him to advise his significant other in exertion to keep up his independence and privacy. She will tell him that she should report this to government wellbeing specialists, and other wellbeing proficient working with him. These wellbeing experts should be cautioned, so they can avoid potential risk. ?Helps is presently a reportable transferable illness in each state?Physicians and emergency clinics must report each instance of A IDS-with the patients name to government general wellbeing specialists? (Pozar 384). The specialist isn't evacuating the patient?s self-rule, anyway by offering him guidance (convincing him) she isn't ... Free Essays on The Patient's Right Free Essays on The Patient's Right A patient comes into the emergency clinic to see his outcomes from an AIDS test: his outcomes are sure. The patient anxiously admits to the specialist that he?s been undermining his better half. His significant other and the specialist are companions, they?ve been companions all through school, however later floated separated. Be that as it may, they despite everything keep up a decent fellowship, periodically get together call each other for exhortation, or essentially to share their issues since they?ve been companions for such a long time. The specialist never really met her friend?s spouse in person however in the wake of seeing his record she sees his last name and telephone number are equivalent to her dear friend?s. The specialist at that point illuminates the customer regarding her companionship with his better half. Would it be advisable for her to tell the spouse since he could pass this hopeless sickness to her? Or on the other hand would it be a good idea for all her this data secret on account of her obligation as a specialist? This circumstance makes a moral problem in light of the fact that regardless of what choice the specialist takes it will restrict a conviction. In this situation the patient is the customer looking for the administration of a specialist. In this manner, the specialist must go in a direction dependent on common understanding that won't disregard their relationship. As an expert, her essential obligation is to serve the customer, which in this situation is the patient with AIDS. So as to all the more likely serve the customer she will convince and persuade him to advise his better half in exertion to keep up his independence and secrecy. She will tell him that she should report this to government wellbeing specialists, and other wellbeing proficient working with him. These wellbeing experts should be admonished, with the goal that they can play it safe. ?Helps is currently a reportable transferable ailment in each state?Physicians and medical clinics must report each instance of AIDS-w ith the patients name to government general wellbeing specialists? (Pozar 384). The specialist isn't evacuating the patient?s self-sufficiency, anyway by offering him guidance (convincing him) she isn't ...

Strategies for Avoiding Plagiarism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Procedures for Avoiding Plagiarism - Essay Example One can utilize the assets of others to reword, sum up, duplicate words, expressions or sentences in their work. Along these lines, essayists ought to completely recognize the wellspring of the asset utilized for clear reference through in-reference or book reference so as to stay away from unoriginality There are different techniques that essayists use to maintain a strategic distance from counterfeiting in their work. The main procedure generally utilized by scholarly authors to stay away from literary theft is legitimate documentation of assets utilized in their substance. Content documentation alludes to the affirmation of creators of scholastic work utilized in building up one's work. The author records the writers of assets, for example, books, articles, online journals, paper posts, expositions, magazines, tunes, and fine arts. Documentation is the most secure and fitting procedure to keep away from unoriginality totally. Besides, scholastic authors utilize another technique of legitimate arranging before starting to compose scholarly work. Arranging is a significant advance to make while composing scholarly papers and introductions since it guarantees that one uses assets viably and recognizes creators sufficiently. Appropriate arranging additionally upgrades legitimate selection of works, thoughts, articulations and expression to use in the substance of the work being delivered. Making arrangements for scholarly composing includes sufficient asset search, examination of recognized sources as per the subject talked about and choice of the most suitable assets to use in executing the scholastic creative cycle. Along these lines, legitimate arranging is a significant system utilized by the essayist to abstain from composing errors, for example, copyright infringement. The two systems of evading literary theft distinguished have diverse effect and significance in the scholarly creative cycle. In an examination of these techniques, the two systems empower scholars to maintain a strategic distance from copyright infringement in the work.â

Hardys novel The Mayor of Casterbridge Essays

Hardys epic The Mayor of Casterbridge Essays Hardys tale The Mayor of Casterbridge Paper Hardys epic The Mayor of Casterbridge Paper Paper Topic: Writing In Hardys epic, The Mayor of Casterbridge, the topic of Patriarchal Victorian ethical quality is investigated through the various characters. Considering Lucettas character, the degree to which it very well may be concurred that Hardy uncovers his disappointment with man centric Victorian profound quality will be talked about. Strong utilizations Lucettas feelings to uncover his disappointment with man centric Victorian profound quality. Lucetta is without a doubt a sincerely unpredictable character, who is desolate and as it were, frantic. In Henchards thinks back about Lucetta, it is found out that they were engaged with an exceptionally outrageous undertaking which was off base, ruin to her. This is basically significant as first, the peruser learns Henchards viewpoint, yet, she is then publically mortified, which further catches her powerless character. The peruser is urged to see Lucetta in an ethical light. Moreover, we see her identifying with Susan, as Lucetta visits her grave. Solid composes The personage was in grieving such as herself, was about her age and size, and may have been her apparition or twofold and the symbolism made through words, for example, grieving is significant, as we see that Lucetta distinguishes the unfortunate conditions of the life of a Victorian lady, in this way, Hardy is bringing into question Victorian Patriarchal profound quality. Strong further brings into question Victorian man centric ethical quality, by Lucettas insult in Jersey, and summoning to the peruser how she has changed through that experience. Through Elizabeths eyes, the peruser sees that Lucetta has an open persona of refinement which is bogus. : For instance, upon first observing Lucetta, Elizabeth permitted herself the delight of feeling entranced, the omniscient storyteller further remarking that The short and commonsense stroll of legit plainness which generally won there, the two styles of dress whereabouts similarly admitted that this figure was no Caster spans womans which features Lucettas bogus open persona of complexity, an outcome, of once more, Victorian male centric profound quality. Solid, in any case, depicts the unforgiving truth of Victorian man centric ethical quality through the way that she has controlled and covered reality. In one of the early letters she writes to Henchard, Lucetta composes I along these lines view the entire as an adversity of mine, and not an issue of yours. So that, Michael, I should request that you ignore those letters with which I bugged you for a long time in the warmth of my emotions. This unmistakably summons her notoriety is in remains, and her reaction to this shows she has taken in the qualities, and realizes that in the event that she breaks them, there will be social repercussions, along these lines, she just requests the letters to shield herself from further open mortification. Solid further stresses his disappointment with Victorian male centric profound quality through Lucettas unfortunate decimation by the skimmity ride. As per pundits, this thought is without a doubt fairly deceitful with Marxist hypotheses, as the Casterbridge working class become retaliated for in society custom, arranging the skimmity ride, which triggers an epileptic fit in Lucetta. Besides, women's activists would contend that her way of death by tumbling to the floor in epileptic seizures could be reductive in itself, depicting that ladies were seen as sincerely powerless. This likewise makes a differentiation to Elizabeth-Jane, as she is a more grounded, aloof, and a sincerely more grounded character when contrasted with Lucetta. Along these lines, Hardy is bringing into question Victorian profound quality through Lucettas languishing. Tough further urges the peruser to resound his negative view on Victorian male centric ethical quality by utilizing a viable utilization of setting. Lucettas place, High-Street Hall is wealthy in imagery, viable in passing on Hardys disappointment with Victorian man centric ethical quality. For instance, Hardy composes It was not inside and out privileged, still less weighty, yet the good old outsider intuitively said blood fabricated it and riches appreciates it. The last piece of Hardys remark, recommends the persecution of needy individuals, which is fairly tricky, once more, of Marxist hypotheses. Moreover, the house is plainly metaphorical of Lucetta herself. Its area so close to the focal point of town recommends that Lucetta is tossed into the core of the novel, by this point. Hardys perplexing portrayal of High-Street Hall further features the interest that Lucetta brings to the novel. Strong beginnings of his portrayal of the Hall by composing The Hall, with its dim veneer and parapet was the main living arrangement of its sort so close to the focal point of town, and the exterior isn't just catching Hardys own unmistakable enthusiasm for multifaceted design, however it additionally obviously representative of Lucetta, and her secretive and modern character. The interest of the ever-approaching shadow of her past is additionally appeared through words, for example, stranger, which highlights the puzzling idea of her past with Henchard. Thusly, through representing Lucettas enduring the house, Hardy is uncovering how she has in reality endured on account of man centric Victorian ethical quality However, women's activists contend that Hardy neglects to conquer the belief system of Victorian man centric profound quality. His depiction of Victorian ladies, similar to Elizabeth and Lucetta is tasteful arranged. For instance, he portrays Lucettas appearance as an aesthetic flawlessness concentrating profoundly on her looks. This shows how Victorian ladies (particularly white collar class) were required to look great. Women's activists would contend that Hardys stylishly situated account of ladies is corrupting in itself; in this manner, he stays tricky with the belief system of Victorian male centric ethical quality, offering the expression pleasing. By and large, this announcement can be consented all things considered. Lucettas character carries light to the way that Casterbridge is all things considered, a general public of turned ethical quality. The skimmity ride is a definitive disgraceful act which decimates Lucetta, demonstrating that the ever-approaching shadow of her past she isn't generally acknowledged in Casterbridge, and she suffers abuse. Accordingly, Hardy is uncovering his disappointment with Victorian Patriarchal ethical quality. The announcement is further pleasant, on the grounds that through the stylishly arranged depiction Hardy does at last neglect to beat the belief system of Victorian male centric profound quality.

How to Write the Perfect College Book Report Outline

How to Write the Perfect College Book Report Outline Need to write an amazing book report? All fired up to get started? Wonderful! All you need now is to learn how to create one which your instructor will happily add an ‘A’ to next to your name. Luckily, you have wandered into the right corner of the web. This brief little guide right here has you covered for the tasks assigned. We understand the temptation to simply skim one of the numerous summaries online. If your online search skills are quite good, you might even come across completely written out reports of your chosen book. However, there is no substitute for actually reading the author’s words. It will bring a depth to your perception and analysis, which will show up when your write your book report. Outline Structure Following an outline simplifies your writing process. The end result will be a piece of writing which has consistency, logical structure and expresses your ideas clearly. To spare you from searching online and giving into the temptation of searching through book reports, use the following five as the basic sections of your report. For practice’s sake, let’s create a book report on Stephen King’s 1983 horror novel, â€Å"Christine†: Introductory Paragraph Summary of the Book Characters’ Details Plot Details Evaluation and Conclusion Introductory Paragraph. This is where you write the title of the book, the author’s name, and the main idea of the story. Make sure to include the genre, publication date, number of pages, and publisher information. If the book has won any major awards or broken sales records, mention those as well. For Christine you will go like: Christine, published by Viking, is Stephen King’s horror novel that came out on April 29, 1983. This classic novel was also adapted into a movie in the same year. This example clearly tells the readers what the novel is all about, when it came out, who published it and also that it was turned into a movie. Summary of the Book.  Include a broad overview of the story here. Specify the time period, setting, overall plot, and main characters. Describe the atmosphere or tone of the story and the point of view of the narrative. For Christine, we’ll go like: ‘The novel tells the story of Christine that is a red and white 1958 Plymouth Fury. The novel focuses on this apparently possessed automobile’s story and what all it has been through and how it changes the life of its new owner, Arnie.’ While our example is short, you will have more details in your summary. Characters’ Details.  List the main characters and identify any major conflicts that exist between them. Highlight if there is a particular problem that the characters are trying to solve. Use a second paragraph to describe any of the minor characters if they play a significant or critical role in the plot. In Christine’s example, we can mention ‘It tells the story of Arnie, who buys Christine, the possessed automobile for $250. He is a nerdy teen who tries DIY ideas on his new buy and in the process he changes. Another main character is Dennis, who is Arnie’s friend and does not like Christine. He is also puzzled by the changes he sees in his friend and in the vehicle. In our example, we only gave an overview. However, you are expected to mention more details including character’s background, age, likes, dislike and everything else that impacts the story, including their relationships. Plot Details.  This section includes an overall description of the plot. No need to add too many details; tell the overall story and the major plot twists. Any element that propels the story further should be included here. Think of it as highlights of a game or match; no play by play, just important events. Be sure to include how the plot picks pace, what conflicts arise, how they are eventually resolved, and how the book ends. In this section, you should also mention any literary themes and plot devices you observed in the book. Flex your literary criticism muscle and include a theoretical overview. In Christine’s example, you will highlight all the elements the novel touches. A good example will be the jealousy and attention factor where Arnie starts to be more attentive to Christine and in the process begins to lose his love and his family. Evaluation and Conclusion.  This is the section where your own observations and opinions belong. Offer your own unique critique of the book. What did you think the strong points and weak points were? Describe how easy it was to sustain interest in the book. Write about what you learned while reading the book, and especially focus on how it affected you on an emotional level. Also include quotes or events from the book to lend credence to your opinions. Finally, include a short paragraph in which you write your honest opinion on the book and say whether you would recommend that other people read it and why. In Christine’s example, you can include some quotes that cover the story or simply give your opinion, such as: â€Å"Christine† is a fantastic book with enough chills. Bonus Step—Revise and Edit Your Work.  Revise your report thoroughly; get the quotes right and clarify any ambiguous statements. Ask a friend for feedback if you want to be thorough. Edit and proofread your work to improve its quality and style. Finally, format it according to your instructor’s directions. . Most teachers will have a fixed template which specifies header/footer rules, title page format, student information, etc. Finalize the work and send it in. So, we’ve created a perfect college book report outline on the example of Stephen King’s â€Å"Christine†. Moreover, we have given you valuable tips along the way on writing a book report itself. Don’t miss the chance to use that advice and produce an excellent outline together with a profound book report. At AdvancedWriters writing service you can order a custom college book report online. You will get a high-quality customized book report paper written by professional writers with timely delivery! 4.00 avg. rating (4 votes)

Beauty The Media Profits by Making Girls Hate Themselves...

Beauty is a cruel mistress. Every day, Americans are bombarded by images of flawless women with perfect hair and smooth skin, tiny waists and generous busts. They are presented to us draped in designer clothing, looking sultry or perky or anywhere in between. And although the picture itself is alluring, the reality behind the visage is much more sinister. They are representations of beauty ideals, sirens that silently screech â€Å"this is what a woman is supposed to look like!† Through means of media distribution and physical alteration, technology has created unrealistic beauty ideals, resulting in distorted female body images. Female beauty ideals are an overwhelming force in teen media. Approximately 37% of articles†¦show more content†¦Advertisements are a powerful medium through which beauty ideals are impressed on us. Although often dismissed as filler material, advertisements are planned and purposeful tools that allow content. In 1999, $180 billion wer e spent on advertising, money that greased the wheel, drawing consumers to products while paying content providers. At that time, the average American intake of advertisements was estimated at 3,000 ads per day. Prominent image advertising expert Jean Kilbourne has pointed out that, more than telling us what we should buy, â€Å"To a great extent advertising tells us who we are and who we should be.† Who are we? Not perfect. Who should we be? That supermodel, there. The kicker is that many of the images women aspire to are not achievable through any natural means. A portion of the $180 billion paid graphic artists to digitally edit out imperfections and reshape even the most desirable women to make them more appealing to the eye. The strain to transform is especially prominent in female advertising ideals. According to the National Association of Social Workers (NASW), â€Å"fashion models weigh 23 percent less than the average female, although these representat ions are perceived to be normal.† This is less of a passive suggestion for women to be thin when one gives credence to women’s magazines having â€Å"10.5 times more advertisements and articles promoting weight loss than mens magazines.†Show MoreRelatedEssay On Social Media1035 Words   |  5 PagesSocial media. It s a disease we all love, no treatment has ever been established for its cure. It s killing us. Sadly, it s gained astounding worldwide growth and popularity from many nations globally. It s capturing today s youth rapidly between its claws, making our lives depend on it. Anthony Carmona states â€Å"It is a veritable battleground, where insults fly from the human quiver, damaging lives, destroying self-esteem and a person’s sense of self-worth.† Yes as bad as it sounds we’re allRead MoreMedia Influences Young Teenagers On Their Body1013 Words   |  5 PagesMedia influences young teenagers on their body What do you see as beauty? Is it having perfect body, or face? Many teenagers do not understand that the perfect body image that they see on media is not realistic. Numerous teenagers are not comfortable in whom they are because of lack of confidence. They look up to the celebrities that appear the prettiest or the ones who have a picture-perfect body. Why is it so important to change who you are because of others say? Media manipulates our minds byRead MoreNcfe Level 2 Certificate in Equality and Diversity Unit 1: Exploring Equality and Diversity5977 Words   |  24 Pages 2. New ideas With the fusion of several cultures in United Kingdom, the citizens now have better ideas and they also benefit from them. Mostly you can come across them in business world. 3. Enhances national unity Cultural conflicts and hate usually cause a divide within a nation. However, cooperation, inclusion and respect assist in uniting a country. Multiculturalism therefore strengthens a country, especially if there are programs that work towards promoting cultural understanding andRead MoreEssay Writing9260 Words   |  38 Pagesperoratio has two parts: Enumeratio: The listing and recapping of the main arguments Affectus: The dramatic, usually emotional closing Appeals Logos—appeal to logic Pathos—appeal to emotion Ethos—appeal to authority Schemes Parallelism: Making pairs or series of related words, phrases or clauses similar structure. e.g. . . . for the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Protection, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes, Read MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pages GP NOTES 2010 (ESSAY) Content Page 1. Media a. New vs. Traditional b. New: narcissistic? c. Government Censorship d. Profit-driven Media e. Advertising f. Private life of public figures g. Celebrity as a role model h. Blame media for our problems i. Power + Responsibility of Media j. Media ethics k. New Media and Democracy 2. Science/Tech a. Science and Ethics b. Government and scientist role in science c. Rely too much on technology? d. Nuclear technologyRead MoreLgbt19540 Words   |  79 Pagessomeones gender is lived publicly and can be a complex process. People who wish to transition often start by expressing their gender identity in situations where they feel safe. They typically work up to living full-time in a different gender, by making gradual changes to their gender expression. Connecting with other transgender people through peer support groups and transgender community organisations is also very helpful for people when they are going through the transition process. TransitioningRead MoreBusiness Journalism in India26104 Words   |  105 Pagescareer-guidance magazines 9 Western craze among glossy women’s magazines, Better fare offered by regional (5) women’s magazines 10 Writing and editing for magazines, special skills needed. Importance of the rewrite desk (4) 11 Role of Alternative media to deal with people’s issues. Scope for magazines devoted to environment and civic issues (4) Business Journalism- It’s all about Money! * Pink papers * The ‘pink papers’ refer toRead MoreSocial Networking Sites-Boon/Bane15517 Words   |  63 Pagesinto either site, or indeed others, and up pops a cascading list of virtual caste colonies, some of which aim to unite members and some which spew venom. Orkut has thousands of these communities — for instance, Brahmins Culture and Tradition , I Hate Intercaste Marriage and The Great Maratha — which have hundreds of members. Interestingly, participants of these groups are increasing rather than dying down. A study by Sunil Gangavane and Urvi Shah, researchers at PUKAR (Partners for Urban KnowledgeRead MoreCrocs Marketing Plan14993 Words   |  60 Pages.......................................................................................... 39 9.4 Promotion.................................................................................................................................... 40 10. Profit Loss Statement / Budget (3 year) ...................................................................................... 42 11. Recommendations to the decision maker ...............................................................................Read MoreMarketing Principle Quiz20161 Words   |  81 PagesChocolate | | | | | Selected Answer: |   c.   profits through customer satisfaction. | Correct Answer: |   c.   profits through customer satisfaction. | Feedback: | Jacques Torres Chocolate has a market orientation. | | | | |   Ã‚  Question 5 | 1 out of 1 points    | | What is the fundamental objective of most businesses? | | | | | Selected Answer: |   a.   survival, profits, and growth | Correct Answer: |   a.   survival, profits, and growth | Feedback: | The use of marketing

Violent Video Games The Behavior Of Those Who Play Them

Title : Violent Video Games: The Behavior Of Those Who Play Them I. Introduction A. hook / opening †¢With the recent violence across the world in schools, once again a concern has been stumbled upon in regards to whether or not video games can impact an individual’s demeanor, specifically in children and teenagers. However, when the concern is about children and violent video games, one thing is a sure fact: If parents keep getting these types of games the children will keep playing them, and companies will keep profiting from them and will keep producing more. In today’s society more than sixty-eight percent of our youth is addicted to video games. Most of these games are bought by parents or relatives not knowing that these could be detrimental for the child’s psychological development. Many games are based solely on violence; most games are about killing each other and promoting more violence by using expletive language. B. context / background / tie-in to thesis †¢ Such Games as Black ops, Modern Warfare, and Grand Theft Auto, are some of the most violent games that could cause young kids to become more violent as they keep playing the games. The uttermost number of these games have from gory bloody scenes to picking up prostitutes in the street . In reality most parents are at fault, because they are not really engaged on what the child is watching or playing. †¢As well as there is negative effects of playing violent video games there is also positive effects,Show MoreRelatedViolent Video Games And Its Influence On Behavior1187 Words   |  5 Pages The Timing of Violent Video Games and Its Influence on Aggressive Behaviors What images pop up in your head when you hear the word aggression? Have you ever thought whether violence portrayed in different forms of media make people more aggressive? The immediate reaction to such a word is fighting or violence. Many issues are determinants of aggression but media violence has played a huge role in influencing aggressive behavior. Over the past years, aggression has been tied to numerousRead More The Debate Over Video Game Violence Essay1734 Words   |  7 PagesUnsurprisingly, the effect of video games on the human brain has been a controversy since video games were first released decades ago. Video games involve the use of body and mind, which causes the player to be inside of the game, and they can see the world through the eyes of the character of which they play. Some psychologists and other scientists suggest that violent video games can cause psychological disorders which can cause players to engage in violent behavior in real life. On th e other handRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effect On Behavior1378 Words   |  6 PagesVideo games (electronic games that can be played on one’s computer, television or any display screen) are popular today adolescents. 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TheRead MoreVideo Games And Violent Behavior1460 Words   |  6 Pages Video Games and Violent Behavior Jessi Moffett CRJ 385 September 15, 2015â€Æ' Intro Technology is an important aspect of change in our world. As time goes on, we are introduced to more and more technology every year, which includes media such as video games. The increase of technology has also increased and improved the world including ways of communicating and distribution of information. More often used outlets of media are those used for entertainment purposes, like television, internet andRead MoreThe Effects Of Violent Video Games On Human Behavior1602 Words   |  7 PagesVideo Games are a form of media that continues to grow throughout society. As it grows and becomes fully adopted by adults and children alike, it seems as though a shroud of controversy follows suit. Many parents and those alike seem very afraid or reluctant to let their children play video games in today’s age. They fear for the long term affects such games might have on their children or even the short term effects. Many people see a correlation between aggressive behavior, violent moods, and bullyingRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Video Games1523 Words   |  7 Pagesgaming industry. Despite being accused of impairing academic achievement, leading to obesity, and contributing to violent behavior, the gaming industry continues to market to children and to create an increasing number of violent games. It appears that this billion dollar industry has a blatant disregard for the public’s wellbeing. Because of these claims of detrimental effects, anti-game laws have made their way to the Supreme Court. These proposals have been rejected repeatedly. This is not doneRead MoreBanning Violent Video Games On Children1545 Words   |  7 Pages Banning Violent Video Games A child is killing police officers. A teenager is hiring prostitutes to potentially kill them. He is using weapons such as guns, chainsaws, and knives to kill and commit horrible crimes. Thousands of children and teens participate in these actions daily. How? Violent Video games such as Doom, Call of Duty, and Grand Theft Auto are just a few of the games that are full of these awful actions. The Harvard Mental Health Letter states, â€Å"The Pew Research Center reportedRead MoreAdolescent Aggression Based on Violent Videogames1645 Words   |  7 PagesAggression Based on Violent Videogames Violent video games played by millions of people every day results in animated characters having hearts ripped out, heads decapitated, and blood squirting across the screen as their mutilated bodies are erased from the screen. Most players play these games to pass the time, increase hand eye coordination, and create harmless competitions amongst those playing. However, some who play these games are entranced by the violent aggressive behaviors demonstratedRead MoreThe True Cause Of Violent Behaviors1613 Words   |  7 PagesThe True Cause of Violent Behaviors in Today s Society There are volumes of media that are starting to harm the world in which we live. They have been linked to fourteen mass murders (Fletcher). Nine out of the top ten selling games have been labeled as violent and 42% of adolescents play them (â€Å"Children and Video Games†). These violent video games are a major problem in the United States and across the globe. Violent video games have a direct correlation with negative behaviors because they increase

The Placebo Effect free essay sample

A placebo is basically a control substance when testing for something else. For instance a company is testing their protein shakes and they have a person do a lifting workout and then drink a protein shake. To see that it works they will sometimes mix in the placebo. The placebo is actually just a control that has none of the protein in it, yet the person does not know that. This is how the placebo effect came about. In many of these experiments it was found that the placebo did not throw off the actual substance because the person still thought they were getting the beneficial substance. When they knew that they were getting a control substance their performance did incline with the protein and did not when they were receiving the placebo. There has been many experiments now, trying to understand why this happens. Caffeine has been tested by weightlifting, testosterone with aggressiveness, performance-enhancing shots, and even sports clothing with performance. So is it a certain product we are using that helps us perform better or possibly just the products of our own mind? There has been much research to find out. Caffeine is a popular substance that is supposed to enhance sport performance. There have been many tests that show that it does work by using a placebo, yet the problem is that there are also many tests that show something else. A control group is used with the assumption that the placebo is inactive. There was never supposed to be anything such as the placebo effect. Also the subjects in the experiments were not supposed to act differently when they thought they were or were not taking it. To figure things out scientists in the United Kingdom designed an experiment with the placebo effect on weight lifting. Fifteen males with lifting experience were recruited. Scientists told the men that they were in a study on the effects of caffeine on weightlifting performance. They also told them that they would be consuming two solutions, one containing caffeine and the other a placebo in random order, yet they were actually getting two placebos. The subjects came to the lab three different days all between 9a. m and 12p. m (â€Å"Placebo Power†). For the first visit the subjects tested their maximum strength one rep max on single leg extensions. The second day the subjects all warmed up for five minutes cycling and then tested. They did one set of single leg extensions until failure at sixty percent of their one rep max. All repetitions were counted and the trials were separated by one to three days. All of the data and feedback was noted. The total amount of weight was counted (repetitions multiplied by weight), and the perceived exertion rate (RPE, the measure of work the subjects thought they were putting in) was determined (â€Å"Placebo Power†). To the subjects all three trials were different. In one trial, the control trial, the subjects consumed nothing. In the other two trials the subjects did consume a pill an hour before the trial but they did not know what it was. They were told that they were receiving a caffeine pill on one of the days and a placebo on the other, yet they got a placebo for both trials. Even more, the researchers that interacted with the subjects did not even know the true nature of the research and that there was no caffeine ever used until the end of the study. After all of the trials the subjects were given a questionnaire asking which trial they thought they received the placebo and which day they received the caffeine. After the result analysis researchers found that the subjects completed an average of 4. 1 more reps when they thought they had taken caffeine before the trial as opposed to when they thought that they took the placebo (â€Å"Placebo Power†). As for the total weight lifted, 306 lbs. more was lifted on average when the subjects thought they had consumed caffeine (â€Å"Placebo Power†). As regards to RPE, the subjects were higher when they thought that they had gotten the placebo for the trial instead of the caffeine or the control trial. What that indicated was that the subjects thought that they had to work much harder to lift the weight when they thought they had just taken a placebo. Of the fifteen subjects thirteen of them said that they had expected the caffeine to enhance their weightlifting performance. From this study it is clear that expectation is everything. When someone expects for caffeine to enhance their workout then it will whether it’s a placebo or not. When the subjects thought they were getting caffeine they lifted more weight and did more repetitions on average. Also when they thought they were receiving the placebo they expected to have to work harder in order to reach their previous goals. In another study about testosterone and aggressiveness a placebo effect was found. There were three groups of male athletes from a university. There was a control group, a testosterone group, and a placebo group where they were told they were getting testosterone but really got nothing. The subjects were all interviewed about how they were feeling and also tested physically. There was definitely a placebo effect found but also a big surprise of the effects of actual testosterone. With the self-estimated data of the feeling of anger and irritation both graphs looked the same. The control group said that they did not notice any changes. The placebo group noticed many changes. On average the levels of anger and irritation went way up (Bjorkqvist,2010). One man said that he and friends noticed him being on edge and very irritable (Bjorkqvist,2010). Physically he said that he felt better than ever. Not only did he think that his body was able to work harder and lift more weight effortlessly, he also said that he became more self-confident in competition. The most interesting thing in this experiment was the effects of the testosterone, or should I say lack of effect. The group that actually received the testosterone said in their self evaluations about anger and irritability that they noticed no change. Before the treatment, before the exercise, and after the exercise they said that they stayed the same behaviorally. The difference that was found was in what they thought about how they were able to work physically. They all on average thought that the testosterone had enhanced their physical performance (Bjorkqvist,2010). In reality the data that was collected in all of the tests showed that physically all of the groups showed no differences. There were no enhancements or weaknesses. Although there was a definite placebo effect found, it differs completely. In the first experiment, the placebo effect was shown in self evaluation and also with data from weightlifting. In the second experiment, the only changes were with the placebo group in the self evaluation. There could be many expectation factors that make this experiment have a questionable outcome. Some may want the testosterone to have positive effects by saying that they experienced enhanced physical performance and no negative personality traits that have been accused before. There is a question mark at the end of this experiment on everything but the placebo effect. The placebo effect can be seen with anything. It is not necessarily always an oral intake of a substance, it could even be clothing. For swimmers, their suits may mean the difference in winning and losing. A swimmer may take a while to get suited up but it is for a good reason. The said new and improved speed suit covers the body from shoulders to ankles and is tighter than skin tight. The reason these suits are so important is because it reduced jiggle. The more jiggle a swimmer has, the more time it takes for their body to move through the water (Barone,2008). These suits are said to condense the breasts and buttocks for less drag. In an experiment with the placebo effect in sports wear a professional swimmer was tested. This swimmer was known to always buy the latest â€Å"performance enhancing† suits and did believe in them. The suit brands are very careful with their claims now. These suits were supposed to reduce drag and nothing else. The speed enhancement was just assumed. Science shows that a suit may be able to shave of a fraction of a second traditionally so for this experiment that was the hypothesis of the scientist (Barone,2008). The actual conclusion was quite different though. The swimmer ate what he normally would before a meet and did the same warm up. The timer started and the swimmer was off. Seems that the swimmer was quite a positive thinker because it turned out that he shaved over an unheard of fifteen seconds off his time (Barone,2008). The placebo effect is shown because statistically swimwear would not be able to make that huge of a marginal change. The placebo has been proven to work in pain killing more than anything (â€Å"How To Cheat Without Cheating†). A scientist once saw research of people that had been injected with morphine for two days saw pain relief for those two days and also after that when they were injected with nothing but a placebo. This led him to test it in sports performance. He and colleagues simulated a tournament of four teams of athletic men in pain endurance competitions. In one their forearm was strapped with a tourniquet as they squeezed a hand spring repeatedly until pain forced them to stop. All of the scores were taken and averaged over the whole team. One of the teams was injected with morphine two weeks before the competition and also one week before and then on the big day they got saline solution thinking they were still receiving morphine. This is the legal way to use them. Another team was injected with saline that was combined with an opiate-blocking drug. The other two teams received no treatment at all but one with a placebo on competition day. The team that received morphine and then the placebo on competition day endured a lot more pain than the other three groups. The group injected with the mixed saline did no better than to two control groups (â€Å"How To Cheat Without Cheating†). What this show is that the placebos actually do reduce pain because the person believes that it does. The brain is encouraged to produce more natural opiates than customary (â€Å"How To Cheat Without Cheating†). The placebo effect has been proven in many different ways. Even if the conclusions about the other groups they were tested are not accurate the placebo effect was accurate. The placebo effect is actually just a mind effect. I think an athlete wants to see enhancement of performance whether they are actually getting a substance or not as long as it is legal. Whether it is the brain or biology the placebo effect is real.